Implement password encoder in Spring Security Application using BCryptPasswordEncoder

Hey guys in this post, we will discuss implementing a password encoder in the Spring Security application using BCryptPasswordEncoder. It is one of the implementations of PasswordEncoder. This is the continuation of the previous post, please follow that post before proceeding with this.

Table of Contents

Complete example

Let’s create a step-by-step spring boot project and create our own implementation of UserDetailsService

Create database and tables

In order to create our own custom implementation of UserDetailsService, first we need to create database tables for our users. To create a database and tables execute the following query

CREATE database springsecurity;

USE springsecurity;

CREATE TABLE tbl_employees
(
	id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    pwd VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    role VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO tbl_employees VALUES (NULL, "[email protected]", "$2y$12$ZYU8aMJQBkxCF0DK9zLfnuTRP3RLVEI6PS/wbdESPth9MwCmSDRv.", "admin");

So in this example, we are not discussing creating a new user, so in order to hash the password, you can visit the website https://bcrypt-generator.com/ to hash the password.

Create spring boot project

There are many different ways to create a spring boot application, you can follow the below articles to create one –

>> Create spring boot application using Spring initializer
>> Create spring boot application in Spring tool suite [STS]
>> Create spring boot application in IntelliJ IDEA

Add maven dependencies

Open pom.xml and add the following dependencies –

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.5.0</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>in.bushansirgur</groupId>
	<artifactId>springsecurityproject</artifactId>
	<version>v1</version>
	<name>springsecurityproject</name>
	<description>Spring security project</description>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

spring-boot-starter-web dependency for building web applications using Spring MVC. It uses the tomcat as the default embedded container. spring-boot-starter-security dependency, which will help to implement spring security. mysql-connector-java dependency for connecting to the MySQL database. spring-boot-starter-data-jpadependency to interact with the database and perform the database operations.

Configure datasource

Open application.properties file and add the following contents –

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springsecurity
spring.datasource.username=scbushan05
spring.datasource.password=scbushan05

Create a Rest controller

Create HomeController.java inside the in.bushansirgur.springboot.controller package and add the following content

package in.bushansirgur.springboot.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HomeController {
	
	@RequestMapping("/home")
	public String showHomePage () {
		return "displaying the home page contents";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/protected")
	public String protectedPage () {
		return "displying the protected page contents";
	}
}

We have created two handler methods showHomePage(), which is mapped to /home, anyone can access this URI and protectedPage(), which is mapped to /protected, only authorized users can access this URI.

Create an entity class

Create an entity class Employee.java inside the in.bushansirgur.springboot.entity package and add the following content

package in.bushansirgur.springboot.entity;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name =  "tbl_employees")
public class Employee {
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	private Integer id;
	
	private String email;
	
	private String pwd;
	
	private String role;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public String getPwd() {
		return pwd;
	}

	public void setPwd(String pwd) {
		this.pwd = pwd;
	}

	public String getRole() {
		return role;
	}

	public void setRole(String role) {
		this.role = role;
	}
}

This is just a POJO with private fields, setters, getters, and JPA annotations. The class is annotated with @Entity annotation, this represents that this class is mapped with a database table.

Create a Repository

Create an interface EmployeeRepository.java inside the in.bushansirgur.springboot.repository package and add the following content

package in.bushansirgur.springboot.repository;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import in.bushansirgur.springboot.entity.Employee;

@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee, Integer> {
	
	List<Employee> findByEmail(String email);
}

Here we are creating a query method findByEmail() to retrieve the list of employees.

Create a service

Next, we need to create a service class that implements the UserDetails. Create a class EmployeeService.java inside the in.bushansirgur.springboot.service package and add the following content

package in.bushansirgur.springboot.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import in.bushansirgur.springboot.entity.Employee;

public class EmployeeService implements UserDetails {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private final Employee employee;
	
	public EmployeeService (Employee employee) {
		this.employee = employee;
	}
	
	@Override
	public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
		List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
		authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(employee.getRole()));
		return authorities;
	}

	@Override
	public String getPassword() {
		return employee.getPwd();
	}

	@Override
	public String getUsername() {
		return employee.getEmail();
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isEnabled() {
		return true;
	}

}

Here we create a constructor and pass the Employee object. So in the future whoever, creating EmployeeService they need to pass the Employee object as well. With that Employee object, we will retrieve the username, password and authorities.

Next, we need to create one more service class that implements UserDetailsService because we need to tell Spring security that AppUserDetails is the implementation for UserDetailsService. Create a class AppUserDetails.java inside the in.bushansirgur.springboot.config package and the following content

package in.bushansirgur.springboot.config;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import in.bushansirgur.springboot.entity.Employee;
import in.bushansirgur.springboot.repository.EmployeeRepository;
import in.bushansirgur.springboot.service.EmployeeService;

@Service
public class AppUserDetails implements UserDetailsService {

	@Autowired
	private EmployeeRepository eRepository;
	
	@Override
	public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String email) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
		List<Employee> employees = eRepository.findByEmail(email);
		if (employees.size() == 0) {
			throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User details not found for the user "+email);
		}
		return new EmployeeService(employees.get(0));
	}

}

Here we will override the loadUserByUsername(String email) to write the business logic. Inside this method, we fetch the user from the database by calling the repository method findByEmail(). If the user found then we create the EmployeeService object by passing the user to the constructor of the EmployeeService.

Create a configuration class

Let’s customize the spring security to deny all the URIs. Create ProjectSecurityConfig.java inside the in.bushansirgur.springboot.config package and add the following content.

package in.bushansirgur.springboot.config;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.JdbcUserDetailsManager;

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

	@Override
	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http.authorizeRequests()
		.antMatchers("/home").permitAll()
		.antMatchers("/protected").authenticated()
		.and()
		.formLogin()
		.and()
		.httpBasic();
	}
	
	@Bean
	public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder () {
		return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
	}
}

Run the app

Run the application using the below maven command –

mvn spring-boot:run

Open the browser and enter the following URL –
http://localhost:8080/home

http://localhost:8080/protected

Enter the username and password which we inserted inside the database. Spring security will authenticate and allow the user to see the contents.

That’s it for this post, if you like this post, share this with your friends and colleagues or you can share this within your social media platform. Thanks, I will see you in our next post.

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